THE FAMILY BEHAVIOR OF CALIFORNIA QUAIL: A MOLECULAR ANALYSIS

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 962 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIFER D. CALKINS
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
California Quail

scholarly journals The Family Behavior of California Quail: A Molecular Analysis

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 962-967
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Calkins
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Gregarious Behavior ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Callipepla Californica ◽  
California Quail ◽  
Family Groups

Abstract During the breeding season, California Quail (Callipepla californica) form two types of groups: those with a single associated adult female (single family groups), and those with more than one associated female (communal family groups). Although single family groups are assumed to be the result of a monogamous pairing of the associated male and female, additional males often associate with these groups. I conducted a preliminary investigation of the genetic relationship among the adults and young in California Quail families using three single-locus microsatellite markers. Both male and female adults were excluded as being the parents of some proportion of the associated young. Females had higher exclusion rates in communal than in single families, while there was no difference for males. A limited number of young were excluded from being the offspring of any of the adults associated with their family. In the first of three study years, adults were more related to one another in families than they were to the population; this relationship disappeared in subsequent years, possibly as a result of disturbance on site. These results suggest that families form, in part, as a result of factors other than direct genetic parentage. These factors might include selection for increasing group size, intermittent kin selection, and proximate factors related to the gregarious behavior of California Quail.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF RE-SOCIALIZATION OF CONVICTS, AS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT DIRECTIONS OF RECURRENT CRIME PREVENTION

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
O. Tsarkova ◽  
H. Warina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Relationship Of

The article is devoted to the analysis of the determinants of the successful establishment and functioning of the system of re-socialization of convicts. The relevance of this problem is determined by the contradiction between the need to return prisoners to a full life in society, the need to reproduce their family interaction skills, and the insufficient theoretical, methodological and methodical elaboration of this problem. The goal is to determine the features of resocialization and disclosure of the content and essence of adaptive family relations of convicts as a factor in the prevention of recidivism in modern scientific, theoretical and practical conditions of activity and functioning of the social and legal state. It has been determined that one of the most important aspects of the return of persons serving a sentence to a full-fledged life in society is the reproduction of their skills of adaptive social interaction, including adequate family behavior, correction of permanent and rigid role and behavioral stereotypes. The family relationship of the convicted person is considered as one of the reasons for his criminal behavior and the object of early prevention of unlawful behavior. Among the features of the family relations of convicts, the following characteristic is singled out: a significant weakening of their positive ties in society. The study led to the conclusion that the restoration of socially useful relations and the formation of adaptive family behavior, the legal status of the released without the provision of effective assistance is impossible. The resocialization of persons released from places of deprivation of liberty involves the active management of this process by penitentiary institutions and state bodies, the elimination or neutralization of negative factors that impede the return of persons who have served their sentences to socially useful activities. A comprehensive approach to the process of resocialization and to the study of this socio-legal category in modern conditions of humanization and democratization of society is needed.

A molecular phylogeny of Callianassidae and related families (Crustacea : Decapoda : Axiidea) with morphological support

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Robles ◽  
Peter C. Dworschak ◽  
Darryl L. Felder ◽  
Gary C. B. Poore ◽  
Fernando L. Mantelatto
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Key Species ◽  
The Family

The axiidean families Callianassidae and Ctenochelidae, sometimes treated together as Callianassoidea, are shown to represent a monophyletic taxon. It comprises 265 accepted species in 74 genera, twice this number of species if fossil taxa are included. The higher taxonomy of the group has proved difficult and fluid. In a molecular phylogenetic approach, we inferred evolutionary relationships from a maximum-likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analysis of four genes, mitochondrial 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA along with nuclear histone H3 and 18S rRNA. Our sample consisted of 298 specimens representing 123 species plus two species each of Axiidae and Callianideidae serving as outgroups. This number represented about half of all known species, but included 26 species undescribed or not confidently identified, 9% of all known. In a parallel morphological approach, the published descriptions of all species were examined and detailed observations made on about two-thirds of the known fauna in museum collections. A DELTA (Description Language for Taxonomy), database of 135 characters was made for 195 putative species, 18 of which were undescribed. A PAUP analysis found small clades coincident with the terminal clades found in the molecular treatment. Bayesian analysis of a total-evidence dataset combined elements of both molecular and morphological analyses. Clades were interpreted as seven families and 53 genera. Seventeen new genera are required to reflect the molecular and morphological phylograms. Relationships between the families and genera inferred from the two analyses differed between the two strategies in spite of retrospective searches for morphological features supporting intermediate clades. The family Ctenochelidae was recovered in both analyses but the monophyly of Paragourretia was not supported by molecular data. The hitherto well recognised family Eucalliacidae was found to be polyphyletic in the molecular analysis, but the family and its genera were well defined by morphological synapomorphies. The phylogram for Callianassidae suggested the isolation of several species from the genera to which they had traditionally been assigned and necessitated 12 new generic names. The same was true for Callichiridae, with stronger ML than Bayesian support, and five new genera are proposed. Morphological data did not reliably reflect generic relationships inferred from the molecular analysis though they did diagnose terminal taxa treated as genera. We conclude that discrepancies between molecular and morphological analyses are due at least in part to missing sequences for key species, but no less to our inability to recognise unambiguously informative morphological synapomorphies. The ML analysis revealed the presence of at least 10 complexes wherein 2–4 cryptic species masquerade under single species names.

Phylogenetics and Evolution of Epacrids: a Molecular Analysis Using the Plastid Gene rbcL with a Reappraisal of the Position of Lebetanthus

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Crayn ◽  
K. A. Kron ◽  
C. J. Quinn ◽  
P. A. Gadek
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Fleshy Fruit ◽  
South American ◽  
Plastid Gene ◽  
Rbcl Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
Small Genus

An expanded rbcL sequence dataset has been assembled forall capsular-fruited genera and a majority of fleshy-fruited genera inEpacridaceae sensu Powell et al.(1996), including a new accession of the South American monotypicLebetanthus Endl. Parsimony and maximum likelihoodanalyses strongly support an epacrid clade which includes bothLebetanthus and Prionotes R.Br.These two taxa are robustly grouped and placed sister to the rest of thefamily. Most of the remaining epacrids fall into several well-supportedgroups, some of which correspond to previously recognised infrafamilial taxa:the Cosmelia, Epacris,Richea and Styphelia groups.Needhamiella L.Watson andOligarrhena R.Br. form a clade that is distant from theStyphelia group, to which they have traditionally beenallied on the basis of their fleshy fruit and uniovulate locules.Archeria Hook.f., a small genus found in New Zealand andTasmania, is distant from all of these well-supported groups, including itstraditional ally, the Epacris group. Several novelgeneric relationships are evident on the rbcL tree.Epacris Cav. is paraphyletic; one of the includedspecies clusters robustly with Budawangia Telford andRupicola Maiden & E.Betche. Strong evidence is alsoadvanced for the position of Pentachondra R.Br. assister to the remainder of the Styphelia group. Beyondthis, however, relationships within the Styphelia groupare poorly supported. On the basis of these results, a new taxonomy of theepacrids, comprising seven tribes, is proposed. Six of these correspond topreviously recognised taxa; one new tribe, Archerieae, is recognised. A key tothe tribes is provided. Character evolution within the family is discussed andreinterpreted in the light of the rbcL tree.

scholarly journals Bargaining and Distribution in Marriage

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly Lundberg ◽  
Robert A Pollak
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Preference Model ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bargaining Models ◽  
Game Theoretic

The standard economic model of the family is a ‘common preference’ model that assumes that a family maximizes a single utility function and implies that family behavior is independent of which individuals receive income or control resources. In recent years, this model has been challenged by game-theoretic models of marriage that do not impose ‘pooling’ and are, therefore, consistent with empirical evidence that income controlled by husbands and wives does have different effects on family behavior. In this paper, the authors review a number of simple bargaining models and relevant empirical evidence, and discuss their implications for distribution within marriage.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan terhadap Perilaku Keluarga Penderita TB dalam Upaya Penanggulangan TB Dewasa di Kabupaten ABC Sumatera Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 630
Author(s):  
Gusneli Gusneli
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that attacks the lungs and other organs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is one of the biggest contributors to death in the world. Various TB control efforts have been undertaken by the government but have not yet reached maximum results. In efforts to control TB, it takes the role of the family in caring for family members who suffer from TB. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on family behavior in TB prevention efforts in one district in West Sumatra. The sample of this study was the families of adult TB sufferers in Dharmasraya District who met the inclusion criteria of 30 people consisting of intervention and control groups. Data collection using a questionnaire. The results showed that there was an influence of health education on the family behavior of TB patients in efforts to overcome adult TB including pre-test knowledge (p value 0.044) and post test (p value 0.001), pre-test attitude (p value 0.325) and post test (p value 0.001 ), pre test (p value 0.348) and post test (p value 0.001). Health education can change family behavior in TB control efforts. It is hoped that further researchers will develop a family monitoring book for TB sufferers.

scholarly journals Entitled to Property: Inheritance Laws, Female Bargaining Power, and Child Health in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Plamen Nikolov ◽  
Shahadath Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Parental Investments ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
Child Height ◽  
The Family ◽  
Property Inheritance ◽  
Robust Evidence

Child height is a significant predictor of human capital and economic status throughout adulthood. Moreover, non-unitary household models of family behavior posit that an increase in women's bargaining power can influence child health. We study the effects of an inheritance policy change, the Hindu Succession Act (HSA), which conferred enhanced inheritance rights to unmarried women in rural India, on child height. We find robust evidence that the HSA improved the height and weight of children. In addition, we find evidence consistent with a channel that the policy improved the women's intrahousehold bargaining power within the household, leading to improved parental investments for children. These study findings are also compatible with the notion that children do better when their mothers control a more significant fraction of the family. Therefore, policies that empower women can have additional positive spillovers for children's human capital.

Missionary Family Behavior, Dissonance, and Children's Career Decision

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Career Decision ◽  
Native Community ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Regard ◽  
The Difference ◽  
At Home

A total of 78 subjects born of missionary parents were divided into the “Going” group, consisting of those who planned a career as foreign missionaries, and the “Not-Going” group, made up by those who did not plan such a future. A brief inventory designed for the present study was administered. The results showed that the “Going” subjects perceived the family behavior as consistent with the stereotype “ideals” of what the missionaries should be and should do. The “Not-Going” subjects reported that their fathers seldomly mentioned the missionary activities at home, their families were not close enough to the native community and Christians, et cetera. Both groups had high regard for the missionary career and calling. The difference in their decision was interpreted as a means of reducing the dissonant relation between the “ideals” and “practices.” In order to reduce the dissonance, the present subjects “avoid” the dissonant situation all together.

Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense, a new slipper orchid from Northern Thailand identified by morphological and AFLP analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 531 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
WICHARUJ TONGKHAM ◽  
SUPALAK PUMIKONG ◽  
NUTTHA POTAPOHN ◽  
WEENUN BUNDITHYA
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surface ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
The Family ◽  
Slipper Orchid ◽  
Aflp Technique

A new endemic slipper orchid in the family Orchidaceae from Northern Thailand was described according to morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological information specifies the new slipper orchid Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense to be similar to Paphiopedilum charlesworthii (Rolfe) Pfitzer 1895, with the exception of its staminode being obovate-obcordate with yellow color, glittery and rough surface. Molecular analysis by AFLP technique indicates that Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense can be included as a member of section Paphiopedilum and is closely related to Paphiopedilum coccineum Perner, H. & Herrmann, R. (2000) (syn. Paphiopedilum barbigerum var. coccineum), from which it differs morphologically by dorsal sepal and petal characters. The morphological and molecular evidence supported that Paphiopedilum charlesworthii var. lannaense is a new slipper orchid in the genus Paphiopedilum (Cypripedioideae, Orchidaceae).

Economic Determinants of the Age at Leaving Home: Evidence from the Lives of Nineteenth-Century New England Manufacturers

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Galenson
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Interest In Research

Recent years have witnessed an intensification of interest in research on family behavior. Economists have increasingly turned their attention to analysis of the determinants and consequences of family decisions, and historians have become more concerned with charting trends in the composition and behavior of families in the past. Considerable study has been devoted to some key decisions in the life-cycle of individuals that affect the family, including the determination of the age at marriage and the timing of fertility. Another such decision that has been recognized but has received relatively little attention is that of when children departed from the parental home.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document